如何使用窗口服務器2008年可靠性和性能監視程序
可靠性和性能監視程序卡扣式在真正的時間使您監測服務器表現。 您能監測硬件和應用表現和創造門限戒備和性能報告。 根據定義表現和可靠性，表現描述多它必須完成的服務器快完成任務。 可靠性，另一方面，是更多措施服務器多頻繁確切地執行，因為您關於它的配置會期望。
可靠性和性能監視程序卡扣式也提供存取對於性能監視程序，是可利用的在窗口服務器2003年和新的可靠性顯示器。 性能監視程序使您增加櫃臺到迅速觀看實時硬件信息例如百分之信息處理時間並且觀看信息與系統服務有關例如HTTP (在網絡服務器)。
可靠性顯示器提供可以用於迅速觀看關於硬件、應用和窗口失敗的具體信息的一張系統穩定圖。 您能點擊圖日期，沿圖Ｘ軸跑然後觀看各種各樣的系統穩定報告與戒備和失敗有關。 可靠性顯示器，實際上，提供某些信息的同一個類型您可能從事件觀察者搜集，在小時內以後被談論。
明顯地，可靠性和性能監視程序提供很多潛在的信息與怎樣有關服務器執行根據硬件和軟件(包括操作系統)。 什麼您真正地設法做，當您監測服務器表現是辨認潛在的表現瓶頸(硬盤說CPU或)。 當您測量可靠性時，您尋找這樣事像未能初始化的必須停止和重新開始的設備驅動程序或服務。 可靠性與服務器配置經常關連而不是硬件構造，作為表現。
您在服務器管理器(開始、行政工具、可靠性和性能監視程序)能打開可靠性和性能監視程序。 擴展診斷結然後選擇可靠性和表現結。
您能也跑可靠性和性能監視程序卡扣式在MMC (開始、行政工具、可靠性和性能監視程序
可靠性和性能監視程序的資源視圖單塊玻璃提供您以快速查找在CPU、盤、網絡和記憶用法在服務器。 Real-time counters at the top of the window show you how each of these resources is currently affected by demand on the server from such things as user access, resources served to users, and other processes running on the server that are related to the various roles you have assigned the server.
Below the Resource View graphs is the Resource View details area. By default, all the Resource details are closed and show a counter that provides the running data points that are shown in the associated graph.
You can expand each of the Resource views to view the details related to a particular resource such as the CPU resource, which measures the total percentage of CPU capacity currently in use. When you expand the CPU resource, you are in the Resource Overview details (for CPU capacity), which provides a detail table.
Let's look at each of the resources measured in the Reliability and Performance Monitor and what kind of details are provided when you look at the expanded view details for a particular resource. The Resource view provides the following information:
• CPU— The total percentage of CPU use is displayed in green. The CPU Maximum Frequency is displayed in blue. The details table contains the following:
Image— Application using the CPU
PID— The application instance's process ID
Description— The application name
Threads— Active threads from the application instance
CPU— CPU cycles active from the application instance
Average CPU— Average CPU load (over the last 60 seconds) from the application instance
The PID or process identifier is the unique number the operating system assigns to a process. A thread is part of an application that can execute independently.
• Disk— The total input/output (current) is displayed in green. The percentage for the highest active time is displayed in blue. The details table contains the following:
Image— Application using the disk
PID— The application instance's process ID
File— The file read/written by an application
Read— The current read speed (in bytes/minute) for the data by an application
Write— The speed (bytes/minute) at which the application is writing data
IO Priority— The I/O task priority for the application
Response Time— Disk response time in milliseconds
• Network— Displays the total network traffic (Kbps) in green and the network capacity percentage currently in use in blue. The details table contains the following:
Image— Application using the network resources
PID— The application instance's process ID
Description— The application name
Address— The network address (IP address, FQDN name, or computer name) with which the local computer is exchanging information
Send— The data currently being sent from the local computer (as sent by the application named in the Image line)
Receive— The amount of data currently being received (bytes/minute)
Total— Total bandwidth used (that is, sent and received) in bytes/minute by the application
• Memory— Displays the hard faults per second in green and the physical memory currently in use percentage in blue. The details table contains the following:
A hard fault or page fault is basically when data requested by the application instance is not in real memory and so must be retrieved from the paging file and loaded into memory.
Image— Application using the network resources
PID— The application instance's process ID
Description— The application name
Hard Faults/Min— Hard faults (per minute) resulting from the application instance; a lot of hard faults would indicate that your server's memory is becoming a performance bottleneck
Working Set (KB)— The amount of memory (in kilobytes) currently being used by the application instance
Shareable (KB)— The amount of memory in the working set that may be available to other applications.
Private (KB)— The amount of memory in the working set reserved for the application instance
Obviously, the Resource view details provide a lot of information. But the key to using this information really lies in the fact that server performance can be affected in a negative way by two things: hardware problems and software problems.
The typical hardware bottlenecks for a server are the CPU, disks, network adapter (or adapters), and memory. The Reliability and Performance Monitor provides graphs for these hardware components because they can often be the reason the server is underperforming.
If the problem isn't directly related to a hardware malfunction, the problem can be a software issue that is monopolizing one of the key server hardware components, such as the CPU or the network adapter. Having quick access to the information related to the application instance enables you to potentially identify a malfunctioning software entity. So, although you can gain more specific real-time data using the various counters available in the Performance Monitor and more details related to server hardware and software events that are logged in the Event Viewer, the Reliability and Performance Monitor is definitely a quick way to survey a server's health.
The Reliability Monitor, a new tool provided by the Reliability and Performance Monitor snap-in, provides a system stability chart that enables you to view events related to software, application, and hardware failures. It provides quick access to "bad" events in a timeline, making it a useful addition to server troubleshooting, particularly when used with Event Viewer data.
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