Ubuntu Server Virtualization Solutions Ubuntu的服務器虛擬化解決方案
Many solutions are currently available to work with virtualization, but three of them are particularly important:許多解決方案，目前可與虛擬化，但其中3人是特別重要的：
• VMware • VMware公司
• Xen • Xen的
• KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) •科索沃核查團（內核為基礎的虛擬機）
As for the other solutions, you won’t often find them in a data center because of their considerable limitations, which include a lack of support, a limited selection of operating systems that can be installed as virtual machines, and a severe performance penalty when using them.至於其他的解決辦法，你不會找到他們往往在數據中心，因為他們相當大的限制，其中包括缺乏支持，有限選擇的操作系統，可以安裝虛擬機，並嚴厲處罰時表現使用它們。 For these reasons, I’ll ignore them here, except for one.由於這些原因，我會忽視他們在這裡，除了一個。 If you are interested in running Ubuntu Server in a virtualized environment from a desktop, you should consider installing VirtualBox, which offers an excellent virtualization solution that runs from a graphical desktop.如果您有興趣Ubuntu的服務器運行在虛擬環境中從一個桌面，你應該考慮安裝VirtualBox ，它提供了一個很好的虛擬化解決方案，從圖形桌面。
Of the three important technologies, VMware is the current market leader.這三個重要的技術， VMware是當前市場的領導者。 It offers a commercial solution to virtualize many different operating systems and is a well established virtualization technology that has been available for more than 10 years.它提供了一個商業虛擬化解決許多不同的操作系統，是一個公認的虛擬化技術已經可以超過10年。 The most important VMware version in the data center is VMware ESX.最重要的VMware版本的數據中心是VMware公司的ESX 。 You can use ESX as a virtualization host, on which you will install virtualized machines.您可以使用的ESX作為虛擬主機上，您將安裝虛擬機。 ESX is made of a tuned Linux kernel that integrates the virtual machine manager, which is the process responsible for virtualization.的ESX是一個調整的Linux內核，集成了虛擬機的經理，這是負責處理虛擬化。
However, if you want to use VMware ESX as a virtualization platform, you’ll have to do it by running Ubuntu Server as a virtualized “guest” operating system within the VMware environment.但是，如果你想使用VMware的ESX作為虛擬化平台，你要做到這一點通過運行Ubuntu的服務器作為一個虛擬的“住客”操作系統的VMware環境。 There’s currently no way to combine VMware ESX and Ubuntu Server as a virtualization “host” platform (and there will never be such a method).有目前還沒有方法相結合的VMware的ESX和Ubuntu服務器作為虛擬“主機”平台（有將永遠不會這種方法） 。 VMware ESX is a proprietary, welltuned operating system environment that has virtualization as its only purpose. VMware公司的ESX是一項專利， welltuned操作系統環境的虛擬化作為其唯一的目的。 There is no need to replace it with anything open source.沒有必要取而代之的是什麼開源。
The other important player in the field of virtualization is KVM, which offers virtualization support in the Linux kernel itself.其他重要的球員領域的虛擬化的KVM ，它提供的虛擬化支持的Linux內核本身。 KVM is currently the default virtualization technology used in Ubuntu Server. KVM多電腦是目前默認的虛擬化技術用於Ubuntu的服務器。 Other Linux vendors such as Red Hat also embrace it as their default.其他Linux廠商等紅帽還擁抱它作為默認。 To use it, you’ll need the kvm.ko kernel module for Linux, a CPU that has built-in virtualization support, and of course a kernel that supports KVM virtualization.使用它，您需要kvm.ko內核模塊為Linux ，一個CPU有內置的虛擬化支持，當然還有一個內核，支持的KVM虛擬化。 (The 2.6.20 kernel is the first Linux kernel to do this.) To create virtual machines with KVM, you’ll use the /dev/kvm interface, and this functionality requires a modified version of the QEMU program. （ 2.6.20內核的是第一個Linux內核這樣做。 ）要創建虛擬機與KVM多電腦，你會使用的/ dev / KVM多電腦接口，此功能需要一個修改版的QEMU程序。
QEMU was originally developed as an open-source emulation product, but it never became very successful in the data center. QEMU最初是作為開源仿真產品，但它從來沒有成為非常成功的數據中心。 And even though it was developed to be used as a virtualization solution, it never really made it.即使是發達國家被用作虛擬化解決方案，它從來沒有真正取得它。 QEMU tools are still very useful, however, and QEMU tools and solutions are used in both KVM and Xen environments. QEMU工具仍然非常有用的，但是，和Qemu工具和解決方案被用於在KVM和Xen環境。 Currently, most operating systems are supported on a KVM virtual host, provided that the operating system runs on the same processor architecture.目前，大多數操作系統已經支持了的KVM虛擬主機，只要操作系統運行在相同的處理器架構。
The other major player in the Linux virtualization market is Xen, which began as a research project at the University of Cambridge (see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/srg/netos/xen).其他主要廠商，在Linux虛擬化Xen的市場是開始，作為一個研究項目，在劍橋大學（見http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/srg/netos/xen ） 。 Its core component is its hypervisor, the layer that makes it possible to create virtual machines and to handle instructions generated by those virtual machines.其核心部分是它的hypervisor ，層，使得能夠創建虛擬的機器設備，並處理所產生的指示，這些虛擬機。 When used on a virtual machine host, the hypervisor replaces the normal Linux kernel, which is loaded only after the Xen hypervisor.當使用虛擬機主機，虛擬取代了正常的Linux內核，這是載入後，才Xen管理程序。 Xen is currently one of the best virtualization platforms available on Linux, mainly because of its strong developer community, which includes hardware vendors such as Intel, HP, and AMD; and software vendors such as Novell and Red Hat. Xen是目前的最佳虛擬化平台上提供Linux操作系統，這主要是因為其強大的開發社區，其中包括硬件廠商，如英特爾，惠普和AMD公司和軟件供應商，如Novell和紅帽。 You can use Xen on Ubuntu Server as well, but the default virtualization stack is KVM.您可以使用在Ubuntu Xen的服務器，以及，但默認的虛擬化堆棧的KVM 。
Emulation means that software is used to simulate a hardware platform.也就是說，仿真軟件是用來模擬的硬件平台。 An example is when you run a Sega Megadrive/Genesis emulator on your PC to run old games; the software runs all CPU instructions like the hardware does.一個例子是當你運行一個世嘉Megadrive /成因模擬器在PC上運行老遊戲的軟件運行的CPU指示所有的硬件一樣的。 The emulator behaves just like a software processor, a pure software virtual machine.在模擬器的表現就像一個軟件的處理器，一個純軟件的虛擬機。 You can run an i386 operating system on an i386-based CPU in two ways.您可以運行一個操作系統的i386在i386的CPU在兩個方面。 First, you can use an i386 software emulator running on i386 (examples are Bochs and QEMU).首先，您可以使用i386軟件模擬器上運行i386 （例子是Bochs和Qemu ） 。 In such a solution, the software behaves like a PC reproducing the complete hardware platform.在這樣一個解決方案，該軟件的行為像一個電腦音響完整的硬件平台。 Second, you can use a virtualization solution such as VMware Workstation.其次，您可以使用虛擬化解決方案，如VMware工作站。 The virtualization solution does not provide a virtual CPU or any virtual base component of the basic PC hardware (IRQs controllers, hardware clock, and so on); it just puts the program to be virtualized on the real CPU and lets it execute the code.該虛擬化解決方案沒有提供一個虛擬的CPU或任何虛擬基礎部分的基本PC硬件（的IRQ控制器，硬件時鐘等） ;它只是使該計劃將虛擬化的真正的CPU ，並讓該執行代碼。 That solution needs complete hardware control, which is why it needs to run on privileged mode of the CPU and provides kernel modules for Linux to run in the kernel.這種解決辦法需要完整的硬件控制，這就是為什麼它需要運行在特權模式的CPU ，並提供內核模塊的運行Linux的內核。 Virtualization is not a next generation of emulation; it’sa different way of executing an operating system.虛擬化是不是下一代的仿真;這是不同的方式執行一個作業系統。
Source of Information : Apress Beginning Ubuntu LTS Server Administration 信息來源： Apress Ubuntu的開始及其服務器管理
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