What is So Great About Linux是什么使伟大的关于Linux
Leveraging work done on UNIX and GNU projects helped to get Linux up and running quickly.杠杆所做的工作在Unix和GNU项目，帮助获得Linux的快速启动和运行。 The culture of sharing in the open source community and adoption of a wide array of tools for communicating on the Internet have helped Linux move quickly through infancy and adolescence to become a mature operating system.文化共享的开放源代码社区并通过了各种各样的沟通工具，在互联网上帮助Linux的迅速行动，通过婴儿和青春期成为一个成熟的操作系统。
The simple commitment to share code is probably the single most powerful contributor to the growth of the open source software movement in general, and Linux in particular.简单的承诺，分享代码，可能是单一的最有力的贡献者生产总值的增长率相开放源码软件运动的一般，和Linux ，特别是。 That commitment has also encouraged involvement from the kind of people who are willing to contribute back to that community in all kinds of ways.这一承诺也鼓励参与，从种人，谁愿意贡献回社区在所有种方式。 The willingness of Linus to incorporate code from others in the Linux kernel has also been critical to the success of Linux.愿意莱纳斯把代码从别人在Linux内核亦已取得成功的关键Linux系统。 The following sections characterize Linux and the communities that support it.以下各节的特点Linux和社区的支持。
Features in Linux 在Linux的特点
If you have not used Linux before, you should expect a few things to be different from using other operating systems.如果您从未使用过的Linux之前，您应该期望几件事有所不同，从使用其它的操作系统。 Here is a brief list of some Linux features that you might find cool:这里是一个简短的列出了一些Linux的功能，您可能会发现酷：
• No constant rebooting —Uptime is valued as a matter of pride (remember, Linux and other UNIX systems are most often used as servers, which are expected to, and do, stay up 24/7/365). • 没有不断重新启动 -正常运行时间的价值，作为一件值得骄傲（请记住， Linux和其他Unix系统是最常用的服务器，这是预期，和做，每次逗留不超过24/7/365 ） 。 After the original installation, you can install or remove most software without having to reboot your computer.之后，原来的安装，您可以安装或移除大多数的软件无需重新启动计算机。
• Start/stop services without interrupting others —You can start and stop individual services (such as Web, file, and e-mail services) without rebooting or even interrupting the work of any other users or features of the computer. • 启动/停止服务不中断等 ，您可以启动和停止个别服务（如Web ，文件，电子邮件服务）没有重新启动或什至中断工作的任何其他用户或特征的计算机。 In other words, you should not have to reboot your computer every time someone sneezes.在其他的话，你不应该有重新启动您的计算机每次只要有人打喷嚏。 (Installing a new kernel is just about the only reason you need to reboot.) （安装新的内核，只是大约的唯一原因，您需要重新启动） 。
• Portable software —You can usually change to another Linux, UNIX, or BSD system and still use the exact same software! • 便携式软件 ，您通常都可以改变其他Linux ， Unix的，或BSD的系统，并仍然使用完全相同的软件！ Most open source software projects were created to run on any UNIX-like system and many also run on Windows systems, if you need them to.最开放源码软件项目的建立是为了上运行的任何类Unix系统上和许多人还运行于Windows系统，如果您需要他们。 If it won’t run where you want it to, chances are that you, or someone you hire, can port it to the computer you want.如果将不会执行您想要它，机会是您或您的聘请，可以把它移植到计算机，您想要的。 (Porting refers to modifying an application or driver so it works in a different computer architecture or operating system.) （移植是指修改应用程序或驱动程序，因此工程在不同的计算机体系结构或操作系统） 。
• Downloadable applications —If the applications you want are not delivered with your version of Linux, you can often download and install them with a single command, using tools such as apt, urpmi, and yum. • 可下载的应用程序 ，如果您想要申请不发表与您的版本的Linux ，通常您可以下载并安装它们与一个单一的指挥，使用的工具，如apt后， urpmi ，并荫。
• No settings hidden in code or registries —Once you learn your way around Linux, you’ll find that (given the right permissions on your computer) most configuration is done in plain text files that are easy to find and change. • 没有设置隐藏在代码或登记处 -一旦你了解你的周围的Linux ，您会发现（给予的权利，权限在您的计算机上） ，最配置是在做纯文本文件，很容易寻找和改变。 Because Linux is based on openness, nothing is hidden from you.因为Linux是基于开放，没有什么是隐藏的从你。 Even the source code, for GPL-covered software, is available for your review.甚至源代码，有GPL所涵盖的软件，供您检阅。
• Mature desktop —The X Window System (providing the framework for your Linux desktop) has been around longer than Microsoft Windows. • 成熟的桌面 - X Window系统（提供的框架内为您的Linux桌面）已经不再比微软的Windows系统。 The KDE and GNOME desktop environments provide graphical interfaces (windows, menus, icons, and so forth) that rival those on Microsoft systems.该KDE和Gnome桌面环境提供的图形界面（窗口，菜单，图标，等等）表示，这些竞争对手微软的系统。 Ease-of-use problems with Linux systems are rapidly evaporating.易于使用的问题，与Linux系统正在迅速蒸发。
• Freedom —Linux, in its most basic form, has no corporate agenda or bottom line to meet. • 自由的Linux ，在其最基本的形式，没有企业的议程或底线，以应付。 You are free to choose the Linux distribution that suits you, look at the code that runs the system, add and remove any software you like, and make your computer do what you want it to do.你可以自由选择Linux发行适合您，看看在运行的代码系统，添加和删除任何软件，你想，会使您的电脑做你想让它做的。 Linux runs on everything from supercomputers to cell phones and everything in between.的Linux上运行一切从超级计算机到手机，一切在两者之间。 Many countries are rediscovering their freedom of choice and making the switch at government and educational levels.许多国家都在重新发现他们的自由选择，使开关在政府和教育水平。 France, Germany, Korea, and India are just a few that have taken notice of Linux.法国，德国，韩国和印度是短短几年已采取公告的Linux 。 The list continues to grow.清单继续增长。
There are some aspects of Linux that make it hard for some new users to get started.也有一些方面的Linux ，使难以一些新的用户即可开始使用。 One is that Linux is typically set up to be secure by default, so you need to adjust to using an administrative login (root) to make most changes that affect the whole computer system.其一是Linux的通常是成立安全默认情况下，所以你需要调整使用管理登录（根） ，使大部分的变化会影响整个电脑系统。 Although this can be a bit inconvenient, trust me, it makes your computer safer than just letting anyone do anything.虽然这可有点不方便，相信我，它使您的电脑安全不仅仅是让任何人做任何事情。 This model was built around a true multiuser system.这一模式是建立在一个真正的多用户系统。 You can set up logins for everyone who uses your Linux computer, and you (and others) can customize your environment however you see fit without affecting anyone else’s settings.您可以设置登录为大家谁使用您的Linux电脑上，并且您（和其他人）可以自订您的环境，但你看适合在不影响其他人的设置。
For the same reason, many services are off by default, so you need to turn them on and do at least minimal configuration to get them going.出于同样的原因，许多服务预设为关闭，所以你需要把他们就做，至少最低限度的配置，让他们去。 For someone who is used to Windows, Linux can be difficult just because it is different from Windows.有人谁是用来在Windows ， Linux可能难以公正，因为它是不同的从Windows 。
Source of Information : Linux Bible 2008 Edition 资料来源： Linux的圣经2008年版
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