What is So Great About Linux什麼是如此之大的Linux操作系統
Leveraging work done on UNIX and GNU projects helped to get Linux up and running quickly.利用工作在UNIX和GNU項目，幫助獲得Linux的啟動和運行迅速。 The culture of sharing in the open source community and adoption of a wide array of tools for communicating on the Internet have helped Linux move quickly through infancy and adolescence to become a mature operating system.文化共享的開源社區，並通過各種各樣的溝通工具，在互聯網上幫助Linux的迅速通過嬰幼兒和青少年成為一個成熟的操作系統。
The simple commitment to share code is probably the single most powerful contributor to the growth of the open source software movement in general, and Linux in particular.簡單的承諾，分享源代碼，可能是單一的最有力的貢獻者增長的開源軟件運動的一般，和Linux特別。 That commitment has also encouraged involvement from the kind of people who are willing to contribute back to that community in all kinds of ways.這一承諾也鼓勵參與什麼樣的人誰願意回到促進社區的各種方式。 The willingness of Linus to incorporate code from others in the Linux kernel has also been critical to the success of Linux.願意萊納斯把別人的代碼， Linux內核中也已取得成功的關鍵Linux操作系統。 The following sections characterize Linux and the communities that support it.以下各節描述Linux和社區，支持它。
Features in Linux 在Linux的特點
If you have not used Linux before, you should expect a few things to be different from using other operating systems.如果您沒有使用Linux系統之前，你應該期望幾件事應該不同於使用其他作業系統。 Here is a brief list of some Linux features that you might find cool:這是一個簡短的清單，一些Linux的功能，您可能會發現很酷：
• No constant rebooting —Uptime is valued as a matter of pride (remember, Linux and other UNIX systems are most often used as servers, which are expected to, and do, stay up 24/7/365). •沒有不斷重新啟動 ，正常運行時間的價值作為一種自豪感（請記住， Linux和其它UNIX系統是最常用的服務器，預計，做，每次逗留不超過365天全天候） 。 After the original installation, you can install or remove most software without having to reboot your computer.在原始的安裝，您可以安裝或刪除大多數軟件，而不需要重新啟動計算機。
• Start/stop services without interrupting others —You can start and stop individual services (such as Web, file, and e-mail services) without rebooting or even interrupting the work of any other users or features of the computer. • 開始/停止服務不中斷等 ，您可以啟動和停止個別服務（如Web ，文件和電子郵件服務）在重新啟動或什至中斷工作的任何其他用戶或功能的計算機。 In other words, you should not have to reboot your computer every time someone sneezes.換句話說，你不應該重新啟動您的計算機每次有人打噴嚏。 (Installing a new kernel is just about the only reason you need to reboot.) （安裝新的內核是唯一原因，您需要重新啟動。 ）
• Portable software —You can usually change to another Linux, UNIX, or BSD system and still use the exact same software! • 便攜式軟件通常您可以改變另一個Linux ， UNIX的，或者BSD的系統，並仍然使用完全相同的軟件！ Most open source software projects were created to run on any UNIX-like system and many also run on Windows systems, if you need them to.大多數開放源碼軟件項目的建立是為了運行在任何類UNIX系統，也有不少在Windows上運行的系統，如果您需要他們。 If it won’t run where you want it to, chances are that you, or someone you hire, can port it to the computer you want.如果它不會運行在您想要的，機會是你，或者是有人僱用你，它可以連接埠的電腦你想要的。 (Porting refers to modifying an application or driver so it works in a different computer architecture or operating system.) （移植是指修改應用程序或驅動程序，以便它在不同的計算機體系結構或操作系統。 ）
• Downloadable applications —If the applications you want are not delivered with your version of Linux, you can often download and install them with a single command, using tools such as apt, urpmi, and yum. • 下載應用 ，如果你想申請不交付與您的版本的Linux ，你常常可以下載和安裝他們一個命令，使用工具，如容易， urpmi ，並百勝。
• No settings hidden in code or registries —Once you learn your way around Linux, you’ll find that (given the right permissions on your computer) most configuration is done in plain text files that are easy to find and change. •沒有設置隱藏在代碼或登記 ，一旦你了解你的Linux的方式，你會發現（賦予的權限在您的計算機上）最配置工作是在純文本文件，這些文件很容易地找到和變化。 Because Linux is based on openness, nothing is hidden from you.因為Linux是開放的基礎上，沒有任何隱藏您的意見。 Even the source code, for GPL-covered software, is available for your review.即使是源代碼的GPL覆蓋的軟件，供您檢閱。
• Mature desktop —The X Window System (providing the framework for your Linux desktop) has been around longer than Microsoft Windows. • 成熟的桌面 X窗口系統（提供的框架內為您的Linux桌面系統）已在長於微軟Windows 。 The KDE and GNOME desktop environments provide graphical interfaces (windows, menus, icons, and so forth) that rival those on Microsoft systems.在KDE和GNOME桌面環境提供的圖形界面（窗口，菜單，圖標等等） ，其競爭對手是微軟系統。 Ease-of-use problems with Linux systems are rapidly evaporating.易用性問題， Linux系統正在迅速消失。
• Freedom —Linux, in its most basic form, has no corporate agenda or bottom line to meet. •自由和Linux ，在其最基本的形式，沒有企業的議程或底線，以滿足。 You are free to choose the Linux distribution that suits you, look at the code that runs the system, add and remove any software you like, and make your computer do what you want it to do.您可自由選擇Linux發行適合你，看看代碼，運行系統，添加和刪除任何軟件，你想，讓您的電腦做你想要做。 Linux runs on everything from supercomputers to cell phones and everything in between. Linux操作系統上運行的一切，從超級計算機到手機及一切關係。 Many countries are rediscovering their freedom of choice and making the switch at government and educational levels.許多國家正在重新發現他們的自由選擇和決策的開關在政府和教育水平。 France, Germany, Korea, and India are just a few that have taken notice of Linux.法國，德國，韓國，印度僅僅是少數幾個已採取通知的Linux 。 The list continues to grow.這份名單繼續增長。
There are some aspects of Linux that make it hard for some new users to get started.也有一些方面的Linux操作系統，使人們很難對一些新的用戶開始使用。 One is that Linux is typically set up to be secure by default, so you need to adjust to using an administrative login (root) to make most changes that affect the whole computer system.其中之一是， Linux是典型的成立是安全的默認，所以你需要調整使用的行政登錄（根） ，使大多數的變化影響到整個計算機系統。 Although this can be a bit inconvenient, trust me, it makes your computer safer than just letting anyone do anything.雖然這可能是一個有點不方便，相信我，它使您的計算機安全不僅僅是讓任何人做任何事情。 This model was built around a true multiuser system.這一模式是建立在一個真正的多用戶系統。 You can set up logins for everyone who uses your Linux computer, and you (and others) can customize your environment however you see fit without affecting anyone else’s settings.您可以設置登錄為每個人誰使用您的Linux電腦，你（和其他人）可以自定義您的環境但是你看合適不影響別人的設置。
For the same reason, many services are off by default, so you need to turn them on and do at least minimal configuration to get them going.出於同樣的原因，許多服務是默認了，所以你需要把他們做的最起碼的配置讓他們去。 For someone who is used to Windows, Linux can be difficult just because it is different from Windows.有人誰使用Windows操作系統， Linux系統可能難以公正，因為它是不同於Windows操作系統。
Source of Information : Linux Bible 2008 Edition 信息來源： Linux的聖經2008年版
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